Skin Microbiome Translational Research

Host-microbe interactions for skin health

Determination of the interactions between the microbiome and the human host can be performing using co-culture models. In the LSI, multiple types of host-microbe interaction models have been developed and applied in scientific research. These include 2D models based on primary cells enriched with bacteria, fungi, and/or viruses. Examination of physiological relevant interactions on the skin of the microbiome can be performed with 3D models, which can be enriched with microbial mono-, or polycultures to model the microbiome.

Screenings in 2D cell-microbe assays

A skin host–microbe interaction model uses 2D cultures of keratinocytes, fibroblasts, or other skin cell types to represent the human host. These models are co‑cultured with bacteria, fungi, or viruses to study direct microbial interactions with skin cells. They enable controlled investigation of immune responses, barrier function, and microbial effects on skin physiology.

Validations with 3D host-microbe co-culture models

Three‑dimensional skin models, including reconstructed epidermis and full‑thickness skin equivalents, more faithfully recapitulate tissue architecture and barrier function. These systems incorporate multiple host cell types in a stratified context, enabling physiologically relevant host–microbe interactions. Colonization with bacteria, fungi, or viruses allows investigation of spatial organization and niche‑specific microbial behavior. 3D models capture complex immune and metabolic responses that are not accessible in 2D cultures. As such, they provide a translational platform for studying skin biology, disease mechanisms, and microbiome‑targeted interventions.

Tailored approaches for atopic dermatitis and acne

Modulation of 3D host–microbe co‑culture models enable disease‑specific interrogation of atopic dermatitis and acne by incorporating relevant skin architecture and barrier defects. Selective colonization with pathobionts such as Staphylococcus aureus or phylotype-specific Cutibacterium acnes captures disease‑associated microbial dynamics. These models facilitate mechanistic and translational studies of inflammation, host susceptibility, and microbiome‑targeted interventions.