Cell Assays
High throughput screening can be performed most optimally in a 2D cell assay. Various skin cell types can be used in these assays, all relevant to human cell biology.
Keratinocytes
Keratinocytes form the uppermost layer of the skin in the epidermis. Keratinocytes are forming the barrier of the skin by continuous balancing proliferation and differentiation processes. Specific proteins are expressed by the keratinocytes for early, late and terminal differentiation. Moreover, an interplay with the immune system via multiple signalling pathways makes the keratinocytes highly versatile cells that can be studied in multiple cells assays.
Fibroblasts
Fibroblasts are the principal mesenchymal cells of the dermis and connective tissues. They play a central role in maintaining tissue structure by producing and remodeling the extracellular matrix, including collagen, elastin, and proteoglycans. In response to mechanical cues, growth factors, and inflammatory signals, fibroblasts can adopt specialized phenotypes, such as myofibroblasts, that are essential for wound healing and tissue repair. Moreover, extensive crosstalk with epithelial, endothelial, and immune cells through multiple signaling pathways makes fibroblasts highly dynamic and versatile cells that can be studied in a wide range of cellular and functional assays.
Melanocytes
Melanocytes are specialized pigment-producing cells located in the basal layer of the epidermis. They synthesize melanin and transfer it to neighboring keratinocytes, thereby contributing to skin pigmentation and protection against ultraviolet radiation. Through interactions with epithelial and immune signaling pathways, melanocytes play a key role in skin homeostasis and pigmentation-related disorders.
Sebocytes
Sebocytes are specialized epithelial cells of the sebaceous glands that are responsible for lipid synthesis and sebum production in the skin. Through tightly regulated differentiation processes, sebocytes contribute to skin barrier function, hydration, and antimicrobial defense. Their interaction with hormonal, metabolic, and immune signaling pathways makes sebocytes important targets for studying skin homeostasis and inflammatory skin disorders.